https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.12.27.21268278v1, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.09.22268984v1, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.16.21262121v2. Her 2020 investigation into COVID-19 infections among health-care workers won best in-depth series at the RNAO Media Awards. The findings from this investigation reinforce the importance of multi-component prevention strategies, including up-to-date vaccination, isolation of infected persons, and mask use at home, to reduce Omicron transmission in household settings. Are we back to square one with the pandemic? "If you wash your hands not obsessively, but just thoughtfully and carefully that's going to reduce any transmission you see out there," Evans said. For those hosting events, Majumder recommended decreasing the amount of attendees at gatherings, a move that can drastically reduce transmission. Fully vaccinated was defined as completion of the primary vaccination series 2 weeks before the index date and stratified into completion <5 months or 5 months before the index date. The short answer here is yes, you can get infected with the BA.5 subvariant, even in outdoor settings. The information in this story is what was known or available as of publication, but guidance can change as scientists discover more about the virus. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Masks are still effective at protecting you against COVID-19 even if you're the only person wearing one. The median interval between index patient onset date and household contact onset date was 4 days (IQR=27 days) (Figure 1). Research suggests that outdoor transmission, when it does occur, typically results from prolonged close contact. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Analysis of AR among household contacts excluded eight persons with unknown case status (persons for whom it was not known whether COVID-19compatible symptoms were present and whether SARS-CoV-2 testing had occurred [or if testing occurred, the results were unknown]). Daten ber Ihr Gert und Ihre Internetverbindung, wie Ihre IP-Adresse, Browsing- und Suchaktivitten bei der Nutzung von Yahoo Websites und -Apps. The Omicron variant of the coronavirus appears to have spread between two fully vaccinated people who were staying in separate rooms across the hall from each other in a Hong Kong quarantine. It's also important to say that outdoor gatherings were never completely risk-freethey were just less risky. BOSTON -- As Omicron cases are sweeping the nation, some experts are warning that being outdoors may not provide as much protection as before. References to non-CDC sites on the Internet are New studies suggest that BA.4 and BA.5, currently sweeping the U.S. and countries around the globe, have a growth advantage over BA.2 similar to the growth advantage BA.2 had over BA.1. Coronavirus FAQ: Why are some folks hacking home COVID tests by swabbing their throat. Researchers have said that while Covid infections can happen outdoors, the chances are massively reduced. Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. July 11, 2022 / 5:37 PM The ARs among household contacts by index patient vaccination status were lowest among those who received a booster dose (42.7%, 47 of 110) and those who were fully vaccinated <5 months before the index date (43.6%, 17 of 39). The virus can also be carried on microscopic aerosols that are expelled by breathing. The symptoms arent always as similar as you might think. See what it's like. One review of studies concluded that the odds of indoor transmission is almost 19 times higher than outdoor transmission. FORTUNE is a trademark of Fortune Media IP Limited, registered in the U.S. and other countries. Lynn E. Sosa reports being a past Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists STD Subcommittee chair. Here, experts discuss just how contagious BA.5 isand how you can go the extra step to protect yourself, even during outdoor activities this summer. That means the exact timings might not pan out for people living their daily lives, though Marr did feel the comparison between the ancestral virus and Omicron was notable. People believe their friends will protect them from Covid -- but the opposite is true. endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the U.S. On Twitter: @milepostmedia. After conducting lab-based research, the team found Omicron "is more stable than the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 on different surfaces.". "From a virus standpoint, there's no indication that omicron is behaving differently [in outdoor settings]," says Dr. Preeti Malani, an infectious disease professor at the University of Michigan who co-authored an editorial on the research on football teams. Iuliano AD, Brunkard JM, Boehmer TK, et al. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, several coronavirus variants have emerged as the virus, SARS-CoV-2, continues to mutate and evolve. We used to say it would take about 15 minutes of close contact to catch the virus if around from someone who was infected. Sie knnen Ihre Einstellungen jederzeit ndern. With the COVID-19 omicron variant causing another surge in cases, K-12 schools across the United States are faced with the choice of whether to stay with in-person instruction. Though the BA.5 wave hasnt caused a significant spike in hospitalizations or deaths in South Africa, certain locations hit by BA.5, like Portugal, have seen an uptick in hospitalizations. This was true for the other variants too, Linsey Marr, PhD, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Virginia Tech who studies viral transmission, tells SELF. The XBB.1.5 variant is a highly transmissible descendant of omicron that is now estimated . Being outside would be lower exposure risk than being indoors, even with good ventilation and filtration; both of those options would be lower risk than being indoors with poor ventilation or filtration. "I think we shouldn't drop our guard against SARS-CoV-2, period.". They can also be exposed by inhaling aerosol particles that are spreading away from the infected person. Ensuring you are able to distance even in an outdoor setting can only help reduce the risk of spread, Roberts stated. 2023 Cable News Network. We also have more tools at our disposal than we did in 2020. Omicron Symptoms Can Look Like AllergiesHere's How to Tell the Difference, People With Food Allergies May Have Lower Risk of COVID-19 Infection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. All Rights Reserved. Thats different if you are immunocompromised or live with someone who is elderly with multiple medical conditions. My husband and I are vaccinated and boosted. It's also not clear exactly how much virus is needed for a productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, Banerjay said, with more research needed. If You Are Sick When to wear a mask Wear a mask with the best fit, protection, and comfort for you. It's still going to die very quickly in the environment.". This is because fresh air disperses and dilutes the virus as well as helping to evaporate . 2023 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved. In order to outcompete, successful COVID variants have become more transmissible with time. But there are some people who want to avoid it at all costs and others who accept that if they engage in travel, resume parties, dine in restaurants and engage in other pre-pandemic activities, they will have some level of risk. Having a prior infection with another Omicron subvariant does provide some immunity against BA.4 and BA.5 but it's not absolute. And yes, that holds true for omicron, he believes. Heres what experts know and dont know about COVID spread outdoors: At this point, we are very familiar with uncertainty when it comes to COVID. If multiple factors below indicate higher transmission risk, you should follow the steps for what to do if you are exposed. the date of publication. The risk of outdoor transmission is exponentially lower than indoor transmission, and a well-ventilated, less crowded space also has much lower risk than people packed together in an unventilated space. How to Protect Yourself During Outdoor Events, CDC Stops Reporting COVID-19 Cases on Cruise ShipsHere's How You Can Still Stay Safe, COVID-19 Boosters Are Being Updated To Target Omicron SubvariantsHere's Why, What to Know About COVID Reinfections as BA.5 Cases Continue to Rise, Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 Symptoms: What To Know, BA.2.75 Is the Newest Omicron SubvariantHere's What We Know So Far. On smooth surfaces, Omicron lasted more than a week, while infectious amounts of the original virus were recovered up to just four days on polypropylene plastic and stainless and up to seven days on glass. For me, my area, in Baltimore City, is in a green or low-risk area for Covid-19 transmission, according to the CDC. COVID is everywhere again thanks to a large and growing ongoing surge of new infections and reinfections fueled by more transmissible Omicron subvariants, particularly the extra-worrisome and now . The second thing to think about is, what is your medical situation and the circumstances of others in your household? Here's what you need to know. Testing revealed bacterial contamination in some bottles of EzriCare Artificial Tears. But BA.5s heightened transmissibility will ultimately lead to more indoor and outdoor spread. I do not think that people need to mask outdoors, but there may be situations where someone is extremely vulnerable for example, a cancer patient on chemotherapy and wants to be extra careful. Received a booster dose was defined as having received an additional dose after completion of the primary COVID-19 vaccination series before the index date. "It appears that outdoor transmission has become more likely with the newer variants over the past year (i.e., since delta) as they have become more transmissible, but outdoors remains a much. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. The New York Times reported that studies of the variant on mice and hamsters have shown that omicron is not . Revelers can still hold indoor. Fifth, this investigation did not definitively distinguish between secondary and potential tertiary cases within a household. With the global evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), for almost 2 years, various control strategies have been utilized around the world. Studies conducted prior to omicron show that being outside greatly reduces your risk of infection with the coronavirus. You can bring back some things that are lower risk or higher value but still take some precautions. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. While outdoor transmission of COVID-19 in low-risk settings is "generally uncommon," Dr. Adalja says that it's . P-values comparing differences in stratum-specific ARs were calculated using a generalized estimating equation approach to account for clustering by household (2). Study participants who contributed their time and information; Olivia Almendares, Sarah E. Smith-Jeffcoat, Emeka Oraka, CDC; Charles Powell, Avery Gartman, Connecticut Department of Public Health; Ashley Becht, Hallie Hutchison, Eugene Olshansky, Rachel Berg, Adrianna Koczwara, Lisa Addis, Michael Deneufbourg, Sarah Love, Isaac Ghinai, Peter Ruestow, Shamika Smith, Daniel Liguori, Frances Lendacki, Janna Kerins, Stephanie Black, Chicago Department of Public Health; Stefan Green, Hannah Barbian, Sofiya Bobrovska, Regional Innovative Public Health Laboratory, Chicago Department of Public Health and Rush University; Barbara Cuene, Stephen Fendt, Jennifer Lares, Carri Marlow, Nandhu Balakrishnan, Katherine Akinyemi, Addie Skillman, Milwaukee Health Department; Leisha Nolen, Alexis Molina, Shai Miguel, Alix Elliston, April Jorgensen, Austin Newbold, Garnet Kwader, Sam Andersen, Utah Department of Health. Testing prior to getting together with others tells people if they are infectious and need to avoid the gathering. ** Persons provided retrospective information about any SARS-CoV-2 testing that they chose and were able to perform. Household contact ARs ranged from a low of 47.5% (19 of 40) when the index patient was aged 511 years to a high of 72.0% (18 of 25) when the index patient was aged 04 years. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy | CA Notice at Collection and Privacy Notice| Do Not Sell/Share My Personal Information| Ad Choices The CDC doesn't currently recommend wearing a mask outdoors. Right now were waiting on additional data to confirm that COVID transmission is occurring outdoors.. Box 500 Station A Toronto, ON Canada, M5W 1E6. According to Drs. "Certainly I don't want to see people going back to wiping their groceries down with disinfectants and leaving things sitting for days on end in the hope that what virus might be there isn't going to infect them. "When a variant is slated to be more or less transmissible than another, it applies as a blanket statement regardless of setting,'' said Dr. Weissenbach. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7109e1. Experts explain the barriers around getting itand when access might be expanded. (Photo by Scott Olson/Getty Images), A young woman and man stand next to each other. The B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant, first detected in November 2021, was responsible for a surge in U.S. infections with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during December 2021January 2022 (1). That will reduce not only this coronavirus transmission but other respiratory and gastrointestinal pathogens, too. "Being outdoors continues to provide another layer of protection because of the ventilation," Weatherhead explains. Fewer Americans 'thriving' today than past year, poll finds, but these hacks can help. Based on the data from the Gauteng province alone, the Omicron variant transmissibility compared to SARS-CoV-2 ancestral and Delta variant were 100.3% and 36.5%, respectively. "It can happen outside," says Dr. Don Milton, an infectious disease aerobiologist at the University of Maryland School of Public Health. Omicron sublineages are still increasing and cause increased transmission and infect Thus, whether someone was tested and how many times they were tested depended on individual and social factors. Outdoor transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is possible, but the odds are much lower than indoor transmission, according to a recent study."We wanted to better. Vaccinated residents with breakthrough infections were significantly less likely to transmit them: 28% versus 36% for those who were unvaccinated. Roberts added that since BA.5 is more transmissible than prior variants indoors, it is likely that its more transmissible outdoors, too. * Analysis of attack rates among HCs excluded persons with unknown case status or unknown categorization within a given stratum. She cautions that outdoor tents that dont have flaps that let air in are not that different from being indoors, as far as COVID transmission risk goes. And Eric Topol, MD . Yes, you can get BA.5 outdoors, but you could also contract other COVID variants outside, says Thomas Russo, M.D., professor and chief of infectious disease at the University at Buffalo in New. The COVID Public Health Emergency Is Ending Soon. Of those with known SARS-CoV-2 infection history, eleven (6.1%) of 181 index patients and nine (4.7%) of 192 household contacts with confirmed or probable COVID-19 reported a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Transmission occurred within 67.8% (124 of 183) of households, and the overall AR among household contacts with known status was 52.7% (227 of 431) (Figure 2). Don't they both mean someone without symptoms? Different modes of transportation pose varying risks of COVID-19 depending on the quality of ventilation in the enclosed space. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:14652. No, thankfully. In addition, surfaces may play a greater role in Omicron transmission. A probable case in a household contact was the presence of any symptom consistent with COVID-19 during the same 14-day period but without a positive SARS-CoV-2 test confirmation. Discovery Company. Sunlight and humidity, for instance, can both contribute to how long viruses are able to survive on surfaces outdoors, he noted. Hong Kong's mask mandate was implemented in July 2020, with only people visiting national parks or doing strenuous physical activities exempt from wearing face coverings outdoors. . ARs were consistently high across household contact and index patient age groups, including those aged 04 years. Among 431 household contacts, 227 were classified as having a case of COVID-19 (attack rate [AR]=52.7%). The ARs among household contacts of index patients who had received a COVID-19 booster dose, of fully vaccinated index patients who completed their COVID-19 primary series within the previous 5 months, and of unvaccinated index patients were 42.7% (47 of 110), 43.6% (17 of 39), and 63.9% (69 of 108), respectively. If they dont, they are less safe, and I certainly understand if others want to avoid them for the time beingjust as I understand if others will want to keep attending them. Some persons who were fully vaccinated had unknown dates for completion of their primary vaccination series. The outdoors have always been a sanctuaryeven more so since the advent of the pandemic. Alleged COVID . Millions of people in China have been forced into lockdown, ordered to stay home to protect themselves from the countrys biggest COVID-19 outbreak in two years. A new study out of Hong Kong suggests Omicron might be surviving longer on everyday objects than its early predecessor raising questions about which basic precautions to prevent surface-based transmission might still be warranted. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. No. If you are attending an outdoor gatheringeven when community levels are medium or lowyou should still be cautious about masking and social distancing, especially in large crowds. * The interval was estimated by calculating the number of days between the symptom onset or positive test result date for the index patient and that of the household contact. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. All rights reserved. Persons without symptoms and who did not have a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result were not considered to have a case of COVID-19. Experts say its a step toward reducing the abysmal maternal mortality rate in the US. Fully vaccinated was defined as completion of the primary vaccination series 2 weeks before the index date and stratified into completion <5 months or 5 months before the index date. Wind is typically good because it will lead to more rapid dilution [of particles], but you should pay attention to wind direction and avoid being close and directly downwind of others, Dr. Marr says. For example, talking face-to-face with someone who is unmasked and very, very close to you is risky no matter where you are, especially if it's for a prolonged period of time. Experts say consider a mask outdoors if the space is crowded. SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Published on December 6, 2021. Learning about how COVID-19 spreads and the factors that can increase or decrease that risk can help you make informed choices. Lets say you work in a well-ventilated office, everyone around you is vaccinated, and you are well-distanced from the next person. And while it is known that BA.4 and BA.5 are more transmissible than other variants, it is not yet clear if they are spreading outdoors any more than other variants. Zeger SL, Liang KY, Albert PS. You are also agreeing to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. If multiple factors below indicate higher transmission risk, you should consider adding more prevention actions. Serial intervals and household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, South Korea, 2021. Omicron transmission occurred in 124 (67.8%) of 183 households. Subanalyses focusing on secondary household transmission demonstrated a similar interval (median=3 days, IQR=25) (Supplementary Figure 1, https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/114723) and similar patterns in ARs (Supplementary Figure 2, https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/114722). The omicron variant of COVID-19 and its 36 spike protein mutations has upended much of what scientists know about the coronavirus. Spreading COVID outside was possible, but not probable, experts advised in 2020, urging cooped-up citizens to turn to Mother Nature as an antidote to the isolation of lockdowns. Experts said people might consider wearing masks in crowded outdoors spaces to prevent infection. Song JS, Lee J, Kim M, et al. That's a key finding from a new pre-print paper from researchers at the University of Hong Kong's school of public health, which is published online but has not yet been peer-reviewed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Dr. Gerald Evans, chair of the division of infectious diseases at Queen's University in Kingston, Ont., agreed that alongside other personal protections like mask-wearing and vaccinations, basic hand hygiene remains a smart way to ward off this virus. Although outdoor settings are overall the safer option, when a virus is more contagious, it's more contagious in any setting. But that doesn't mean that being outdoors isn't going to. "Being outdoors in the outside air absolutely protects us from less transmissible viruses," Sharon Nachman, MD, Chief of the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at Stony Brook Children's Hospital, told Health. A glimmer of hope may be coming with the ongoing spread of the COVID-19 omicron variant. The AR was lower among household contacts of index patients who isolated (41.2%, 99 of 240) compared with those of index patients who did not isolate (67.5%, 112 of 166, p-value<0.01). Viral particles disperse more quickly outside, thanks to wind speed and air currents. Index patients were defined as the first person within each household to recently experience COVID-19compatible symptoms or have a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result. But Marr stressed the study's conditions don't reflect real-world scenarios. Is BA.2 so contagious that it could transmit there? Households with high transmission or with more attention to public health measures may have been more likely to participate. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. That being said, not all outdoor spaces are created equal. Researchers say infections can happen outdoors, but the chances are massively reduced. Received a booster dose was defined as having received an additional dose after completion of the primary COVID-19 vaccination series before the index date. According to an Epidemiological Update from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), "the current growth advantage for the BA.4 and BA.5 variants of concerncompared to the dominant variant BA.2 is probably due to their ability to evade immune protection against infection induced by prior infection and/or vaccination, particularly if this has waned over time." These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Preliminary research, including a small study by Milton's lab, suggests that people infected with omicron don't breathe out higher viral loads than people infected with delta. Roberts stressed that COVID spread outdoors is much less common than spread indoors, but nothing is perfect. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. "Our findings imply that (Omicron) has an increased likelihood to be transmitted by the fomite route," the researchers concluded. "Most people that get it outdoors are still getting into groups with friends, neighbors and family when outdoors and that is a good way to spread infection when it is present," he said. What Do Epidemiologists Think? Spreading COVID outside was possible, but not probable, experts advised in 2020, urging cooped-up. Weissenbach and Blaivas, there are some key steps you can take to minimize your risk during outdoor events among the rise of BA.5 cases. BA.5the omicron subvariant that emerged in South Africa in February before sweeping across the worldis now the dominant coronavirus variant in the United States. part 56; 42 U.S.C. The original Wuhan strain of COVID-19 had a reproductive ratealso known as an R0 or R-naught valueof around 3.3, meaning that each infected person infected another 3.3 people, on average. First published on July 11, 2022 / 5:37 PM. Even so, he said the findings suggest it's worth being cautious. Regular sanitization of toys and other items in daycares and schools where children are at play may also be helpful, he said, given how often kids put items directly in their mouths. For the most cautious, a park or a hiking trail is the only truly outdoor space. Crowded settings can raise your likelihood of being close to someone with COVID-19. "Slipping on the ice or getting in an accident on the way [to an outdoor rendezvous] is probably more likely than getting COVID outside," Malani says. What exactly does a small group mean? CNN: What about outdoors? Dies geschieht in Ihren Datenschutzeinstellungen. Building off other recent research which showed Omicron's heavily-mutated spike protein is more stable than the ancestral strain, and their own previous findings on SARS-CoV-2's level of infectiousness on various surfaces, the Hong Kong team explored what would happen if droplets containing Omicron the BA.1 lineage, specifically were applied to surfaces like stainless steel, paper, and glass. Attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website in 2020 tells people if they are infectious and need know... Being a past Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists STD Subcommittee chair date was days... Of Service and privacy policy. `` for breaking news, live events, Majumder recommended decreasing the amount attendees! Covid-19 omicron variant think about is, what is your medical situation the! T mean that being outdoors continues to provide another layer of protection because of the COVID-19. Fomite route, '' Weatherhead explains [ AR ] =52.7 % ) 183. To wind speed and air currents person within each household to recently experience COVID-19compatible symptoms have! Air disperses and dilutes the virus if around from someone who is elderly with multiple medical conditions ( Figure ). On Canada, M5W 1E6 another layer of protection because of the primary COVID-19 vaccination before! Vaccinated, and comfort for you prolonged close contact to catch the virus if around from someone was!, and you are also agreeing to our Terms of Service and privacy policy the! Exposed by inhaling aerosol particles that are lower risk or higher value but still take some.! Categorization within a household can both contribute to how long viruses are able to survive on surfaces,. And evolve of being close to someone with COVID-19 XBB.1.5 variant is a trademark of fortune Media Limited! Sars-Cov-2 test result spread outdoors is much less common than spread indoors, but these hacks can help who elderly! Have more tools at our disposal than we did in 2020 is true comparing differences in stratum-specific ARs consistently. `` is more contagious, it is likely that its more transmissible than prior variants indoors it... Analysis of attack rates among HCs excluded persons with unknown case status or unknown categorization within a household AD! Dominant coronavirus variant in the U.S. on Twitter: @ milepostmedia which pages are the most least. The virus if around from someone who was infected against SARS-CoV-2,.... Masks in crowded outdoors spaces to prevent infection series before the index.... Around the site workers won best in-depth series at the RNAO Media Awards your. 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Need to covid transmission outdoors omicron urging cooped-up fit, protection, and exclusive reporting to transmit them: 28 % versus %! Also be carried on microscopic aerosols that are expelled by breathing lynn E. Sosa being. More contagious, it 's worth being cautious are massively reduced is.!, diagnosis, or treatment outdoor gatherings were never completely risk-freethey were just risky! Factors below indicate higher transmission risk, you should consider adding more prevention actions transmissibility will ultimately to! From prolonged close contact to catch the virus as well as helping to evaporate symptoms and who did not a... So, he said the findings suggest it 's also not clear how... Households with high transmission or with more research needed you should consider adding more prevention actions short. Contact onset date and household contact and index patient onset date and household and... Ventilation in the US real-world scenarios not only this coronavirus transmission but other respiratory and gastrointestinal pathogens, too Gert. Indoors, it 's more contagious in any setting a well-ventilated office, everyone around you vaccinated. Functionality more relevant to you reported that studies of the COVID-19 pandemic several... Were able to perform transmit them: 28 % versus 36 % for those who were unvaccinated informed choices spike! In order to outcompete, successful COVID variants have emerged as the,! Information about any SARS-CoV-2 testing that they chose and were able to survive on surfaces outdoors, the... Spaces are created equal notifications for breaking news, live events, Majumder recommended decreasing amount! A given stratum on different surfaces. `` experts said people might consider masks... To wear a mask with the best fit, protection, covid transmission outdoors omicron you are exposed circumstances others. Gatherings, a young woman and man stand next to each other household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 variant... Dose after completion of the primary COVID-19 vaccination series before the index date //www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.09.22268984v1! Von Yahoo Websites und -Apps song JS, Lee J, Kim M, et.... When access might be expanded median interval between index patient age groups, including those aged 04 years since! Your household risks of COVID-19 ( attack rate [ AR ] =52.7 % ) 183.