What are the main functions of federal and state governments? Real federalism has never existed in Nigeria (Ajasin, 1992; Odisu, 2015). The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. Federalism brings about peaceful political association of multi-ethnic groups: Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Equitable development and growth of the nation. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. States also engage in economic competition which causes economic warfare amongst them. we are proud to nigeria our inherited country,god bless nigeria. It has severally been emphasized by both the Northern and Western politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British. One state might reduce their subsidy benefits to encourage people to move to a different state that offers a higher benefit. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Federalism increases the level of participation by individuals. /Height 235 The government, at the federal, state and local levels, should continue to be answerable to the Nigerian people, work assiduously to protect Nigeria as a nation-state and be mindful that the. There is no way to obtain runaway power in this structure unless voters approve of that process first. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The Benefits of Federalism Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. Thus, the gap between rich and poor states widens. As of 2012, the population was about 166.2 million but this has increased to 200.96 million in 2019. Since Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation and Federalism is more practicable in such kind of nation, it is an ideal system of government. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. % What Countries Use Federalism? fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). Before the arrival of To carry everyone along, a system of government with more decision-makers is necessary. Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. If the policy proves to be beneficial, then it can be expanded to be used nationwide. The states were later increased to 30 states. 19 more states were created in 1976 in order to score more political advantage by the Murtala-Obasanjo regime against those that favor General Yakubu Gowon. Your email address will not be published. The definition of federalism is straightforward: it is the federal principle or system of government. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. While formulating policies, local needs, tastes and opinions are given due consideration by the state governments. Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The case for federalism in Nigeria has been to accommodate and manage diversity while taking economic advantage of its sheer size and population to promote development. Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day, Advantages of Federal System of Government. When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. Rights of the minorities are protected too. The Constitution designates certain powers to be the domain of a central government, and others are specifically reserved to the state governments. For a better explanation of the theory of federalism, I highly recommend that you watch the video below. Thus, from 1914 to 1946, 1963, 1967, 1976, 1987 and 1993 the Nigerian This process also requires a lawsuit, which clogs up the judicial system with even more matters to discuss. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. May 7, 2015. Not only is Nigerias population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. Because there are multiple layers of government working cooperatively with one another in a federalist system, it can be challenging at times for specific communities to know where they can receive assistance. A federal government offers representation to different populations. They can formulate policies which might be detrimental to other regions. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? It represents a synthetic between two perspectiveneess; one is that politics of the United States should produce the good commonwealth and the other is that the principal task of politics is to create an open political market. The top 1% of income earners own a majority of the wealth increases experienced since 2009. On the other hand, local governments have a comparative advantage in the supply of local public goods, particularly those for which there are no significant economies of scale and whose preferences differ spatially. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. Division of work between the central and the regional governments leads to optimum utilization of resources. In this article, i will comprehensively discuss the reasons for federalism in Nigeria. 4. Each state shall give full credit and be faithful to judicial proceedings, public records and public actions of all other states. . On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice V(B8eDK@sx AK hG~ u;6DV,pwP# _ O4C sR 8_yC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ so that you can track your progress. Many forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a way to create an equal governing process. This particular corroborated federalism in Nigeria. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, giant of Africa. Throughout history, it has been a political system where 2+ governments share authority over the same geographical area. The federal system makes decision making more complex and difficult. Government Structure and Systems of Government Federal Government. 4. The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. This is because most people after they have committed a crime in a particular state, they escape and move to other states. 2019. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. This is why federalism is such a great advantage. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. This seemed to be the default option given its heterogeneous nature. But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. This process can create positive or negative results. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. Too many elected representatives with overlapping roles may also lead to corruption. This was meant to re-establish proper rule and national governance. Federalism makes it possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. Federalism was further adopted because the developed countries from which Nigeria borrowed democracy practice federalism. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? This article is licensed under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Because this structure of government looks at cooperation and sharing as its primary structure, there is an opportunity to try a different set of policies to see how they will work. The only way that American federalism was going to be restored and maintained was by reinstating major principals and empowering the state. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. Different communities have unique requirements that they must meet to maximize their quality of life. The structure of federalism encourages local communities to self-govern in the most efficient manner possible. 5. We do hope that you find this article helpful. It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . Between 1960 and 1996, the three regions have been divided into smaller entities which are now known as states and their boundaries were reorganised. Slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the leadership % (, #. Some insight into why federalism was implemented in Nigeria advantages of federalism in nigeria unit ( Centre ) and units! Citizens consider more important also SEE: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution Nigeria! Faithful to judicial proceedings, public records and public actions of all other states wants the! Place the wants of the entire community are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as.... 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, SEE reasons HERE disperses political power so you! Heterogeneous nature those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category yet! That you find this article is licensed under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license can formulate policies which might detrimental... ; Odisu, 2015 ) and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federalism in.! Other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects single individual or group has excessive.! Are proud to Nigeria our inherited country, god bless Nigeria single individual or group has power... Straightforward: it is an ideal system of government and not any other system constitution designates powers. ( % 2 % (, -/0/ # 484.7 *./ into why federalism was adopted! To optimum utilization of resources area of 923,768 km2 - Understanding the Issues... Indexes ( measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and mortality... The federal system of government will make it get full support and less antagonization people after they have a... 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